Comparative analysis of in situ versus ex situ perfusion on flow and microcirculation in kidney procurement: research on a porcine model
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چکیده
Background: The first crucial step in transplantation appears to be the effective rinsing of the graft during organ procurement. Even though there is strong suspicion that ex situ perfusion results in better rinsing of the graft, there is no proof for this hypothesis. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences of in situ and ex situ kidney perfusion in a porcine model. Methods: Standardised multiorgan procurement was performed in 15 German landrace pigs. Perfusion was carried out using histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate solution (HTK) under the application of pressure. In one kidney, in situ perfusion via the aorta was carried out while the second kidney received ex situ perfusion via the renal artery (RA). Perfusate flow inside the aorta and the RA was recorded at different pressure steps. In order to visualise the effect on the microcirculation, different coloured microparticles (MPs; 10 μm) were administered via the aorta or RA. Subsequently, frozen sections of the explanted kidneys were analysed histologically and MPs were evaluated quantitatively. Results: Ex situ kidney perfusion resulted in significantly improved flow rates (P<0.0001) compared with in situ perfusion. By applying ex situ perfusion it was even possible to attain physiological flow levels on the RA under the application of external pressure of 150 to 200 mmHg. The amount of MPs was able to highlight the positive impact of ex situ perfusion on microcirculation of the kidney graft (P<0.0001). Conclusions: The use of MPs represents a valuable tool for quantitative investigation and illustration of kidney perfusion in experimental setups. Additional ex situ perfusion is able to improve the quality of kidney perfusion. Abstract in German languagein German language Hintergrund: Der erste und essentielle Schritt für eine Organtransplantation ist die effektive Spülung des Organs im Rahmen der Organentnahme. Obwohl es einige Hinweise dafür gibt, dass eine ex situ Perfusion die Spülung des Organs verbessern würde, gibt es bisher keinen Beweis für diese Hypothese. Das Ziel dieses Versuches war es daher die Unterschiede zwischen ex situ und in situ Perfusion eines Nierentransplantates in einem Großtiermodell zu untersuchen. (Continued on next page) * Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © 2013 Foltys et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Foltys et al. Transplantation Research 2013, 2:13 Page 2 of 7 http://www.transplantationresearch.com/content/2/1/13 (Continued from previous page) Methodik: Eine standardisierte Multi-Organentnahme wurde an 15 Schweinen Deutscher Landrasse durchgeführt. Als Perfusionslösung wurde Histidin-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarat (HTK) verwendet. Auf den Perfusionsbeutel wurde schrittweise externer Druck appliziert. Eine Niere wurde in situ über die Aorta perfundiert, die andere Niere wurde ex situ über die Nierenarterie perfundiert. Die Flussraten der Perfusion wurden unter den verschiedenen Druckstufen gemessen. Um den Surrogatparameter Fluss zu visualisieren, wurden gefärbte Mikropartikel (MPs; 10 μm) appliziert. Die Gefrierschnitte der Nieren wurden histologisch untersucht und die MPs quantifiziert. Ergebnisse: Die ex situ Perfusion resultierte in einer signifikant erhöhten Flussrate (P<0.0001). Ferner war es unter der ex situ Perfusion durch eine zusätzliche Druckapplikation von 150 bis 200 mmHg möglich physiologische Flusswerte auf der Nierenarterie zu erreichen. Die gemessene Anzahl der MPs konnte den positiven Effekt der ex situ Perfusion auf die Mikrozirkulation im Nierenparenchym verdeutlichen (P<0.0001). Schlussfolgerungen: Der Einsatz von MPs ermöglicht die Visualisierung der Nierenperfusion in einem experimentellen Versuchsaufbau. Die ex situ Perfusion der Niere bietet eine höhere Perfusionsqualität als die in situ Perfusion.
منابع مشابه
Flow and pressure during liver preservation under ex situ and in situ perfusion with University of Wisconsin solution and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution.
Effective preservation of liver grafts is the first essential step for successful liver transplantation. Insufficient perfusion leads to ischemic-type biliary lesions after transplantation. Perfusion of the graft can be performed either in situ or ex situ, with gravity flow or pressure-controlled. Mainly University of Wisconsin (UW) and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solutions are use...
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